Liquid pumping and circulating system



March 24, 1931. c .g} Y 1,797,533

LIQUID PUMPING AND CIRCULATI NG SYSTEM Filed Jan. 13, 1925 2Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. M KM.

March 24, 1931. c STOKES LIQUID PUMPING AND CIRCULATING SYSTEM 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 13, 1925 Patented Mar. 24, 1931 CHARLESLAWRENCE STOKES, OF LOS AN GELES, CALIFORNIA LIQUID PUMPING ANDCIRCNLA'I'ING SYSTEM Application filed January 13, 1925. Serial No.2,136.

My invention relates to improvements in liquid pumping and circulatingsystems, es-

pecially applicable to systems of the class descrlbed in my co-pendingapplication No. 748,932, filed November 10, 1924.

The principal object of my invention is to utilize the expansive forceof a liquidin Serial a" closed system subjected to the heat of an.

internal combustion engine and subjected to a cooling efiect derivedfrom the liquid fuel supplied to the engine. I I

A further obj ect of my invention is to pro vide improved mechanism forintermittently causing a surge in the condensed liquid and returning thesame to be evaporated by the engine heat.

Referring to the drawings in which the same numbers indicate like partsFig. 1 is a vertical section, partly in view '2 of an improved form ofmy intermittently acting mechanism. F Fig. 2 is a view along the lines22 of 1g. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional view alongthe lines i 2. Fig. 4 is amodification of the structure shown in Fig. 1. l Fig. 5 is a view of thebottom of the apparatus shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a view of an engineshowing some of my improvements attached thereto.

Fig. 7 is a cross-section of a part of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a modification of Figs; 1 and 4. Fig. 9 is a view along thelines 99 of Fig. 8. In my aforesaid application I have described aclosed system whereby a liquid, preferably water, is maintained in aclosed system, normally under vacuum at low temperatures, part ofwhichsystem-is subjected to exhaustheat from an internal combustion enginefor evaporating the liquid and circulating the vapor from the same togive up its latent heat to the fuel being fed to the engine. 1 qIncluded in said application were structures designed to giveintermittent circulation to said condensed vapors and in my presentapplication, referrin' I particularly to-Flgs. 1, 2 and 3, is embo iedpositively acting intermittent apparatus for like purposes. e

A casing 1 is designed to be closed by a cover 2 to which is firmlyattached a sylphon, or metal bellows, 3 and extending through 2 is apipe 4 adapted to draw liquid fuel past a spring pressed check valve 5from a source of liquid fuel supply (not shown) at a lower level. The.pipe 4 extends within 3 towards the bottom thereof for passing theliquid fuel through the interior of 3 and thence through a pipe 6 past aspring pressed check valve 7 to the carburetor of an internal combustionengine. such as for instance as is shown in Fig. 6.

The bottom of 3 is closed by a disc 8 in which a groove 9 is out and thelower part of 1 contains a pipe 10 leadin to an evaporating chamber 11placed within the engine exhaust pipe 12. q

The lower part of 1 contains a groove 13 and a tapered port on 14together with a sur e weight 15 15 being constructed to centrally fitclose on 10 and aving its upper surface cut at an an le of about 10.substantially parallel to t 9 lower portion of 8.

oles 16 are drilled from the upper to the lower faces of 15 to ermit thepassage of condensed fluid therethrongh prior to its return to 10 and11.

On opposite sides of 15 are placed springs 17 having bent. in heads 18ada ted to fit in the roove 9 and substantially at right angles of 17are placed pins 19 pressed outwardly bv s rings 20 for slidin in the taer 14 and catching in the groove 13. Two or more buttgn; 21 are firmlyfastened to the bottom 0 The operation of this device is as follows: -Asmall quantity of a liquid, preferably distilled water, is placed in 11,the Weight 15 being approximately in the position as shown in Fig. 1wherein the s ring heads 18 are engaged in the groove 9. The interior of3 is filled with gasoline, or other liquid de- ,sired to be pumped,through the plug 22 in the head of 2 and the plug 23 is removed.

Upon applying heat from 12 to 11, the water will be turned intosteam'and when the steam issues from 23, 23 is then replaced to make atight joint so that upon cooling the system a vacuum will be createdinside of 1.

The system is then ready for continuous operation whereby when 11 isreheated the 5 steam pressure in the system will compress 3 thus forcingliquid through 7 to an engine or other place of delivery. Thecompression of 3 causes the Weight 15 to be lifted by the spring 17until 19 comes into registry With the groove 13 whereupon, the tensionof the springs 17 being less than the tension of springs 20, the heads18 will become disengaged from 9 permitting the full compression of 3.This compression of 3 will continue until all the liquid in 11 has beenevaporated whereupon the vapors from the liquid will condense in 1 anddrain back to the bottom of 1 below the bottom of 15.

3 will then start to expand, thus drawing in a fresh supply of fuelthrough 4 which is directed on the upper side of 9 to cool the same andthe shoulders 21 will come into contact with the upper surface of 15 andinasmuch as the spring tension'of 3 is greater than the spring tensionof springs 20, the points 19 will be forced from the groove 13 and owingto the taper 14 the weight 15'will rapidly drop to the bottom of 1causing a surge of the condensed liquid in 1 through the holes 16 andinto 10.

The liquid thus entering 10 causes a rapid condensation of any steamtherein and is pro ected into-11 without touchin the sides thereof andis immediately flashed into vapor upon striking the bottom 11 whereuponthe cycle already described is repeated.

A modification is shown in Figs. 4 and 5 wherein a valve 24 isconstructed to be centrally arranged of a corrugated kick spring 25 foropening and closing the upper part of 10 for a similar purpose asalready described.

The spring 25 is supported by two studs 26 fastened on 8 and in order toget the proper intermittent action of 24, a stem 27 extends through 10into 11 having a bifurcation 28 at the lower. end with light springtension sullicient for the purpose of permitting the insertion of 28throughthe'upper' end of 10 but the bifurcation 28 has a strongertension on the bottom of 10 than the tension of spring 25.

It willbe noted that the pipe 10 in this case is preferably tapered inorder to give quicker action to the entering condensed liquid by meansof the more rapid condensation of steam.

The operation of this device is In the osition as shown in as follows:Fig. 4, the

sylphon 3 is about fully compressed whereby the bifurcation 28 is heldon the lower part of pipe 19. A slight further compression of sylphon 3then. causes spring 25 to sna over dead center and close valve 24 tight.team in 1 then condenses and collects in'the botends of two levers 29and 30 which are pivoted respectively on- 31 a and 32. In the resentcase the valve 24 is guided by an arm 36 and has discs 37 and 38 at itsupper end arranged to receive the ends of another pair of arms 39 and 40which are also respectively pivoted on 31 and 32 and permitting asuitable amount of space between discs 37 and 38 for a purpose to behereinafter described.

A cross bar 41 is fastened to one end of 39 and a cross bar 42 isfastened to one end of 40 and pairs of springs 43 are connected at oneof their ends to both 41 and 42, the other ends of 43 being suitablyfastened to the lower half of 1, the whole being arranged to providesuitable kick spring mechanlsm' for actuating the valve. 24 responslveto the extensions and contractions of 3. q

The operation of this device is as follows:

In the drawings as shown 1n E1gs. 8 and 9, the sylphon 3 is almostcompletely compressed by the expansion of boiler 11 and studs 26 will beabout to exert suflicient pressure on the ends of 29 and 30 so that, bya relatively small. further comression of 3, the arms 39 and 40 willhave Brought the springs 43 to dead center and upon passing thereover,the same will cause a snap action closing valve 24.

It is to be noted that the arms 29 and 39 as well as arms 30 and 40 areinterlockmg and may be made unitary bell crank form and that suflicientlost motlon 1s permitted in the spacing of the 24 will take place atcorrect periods relative to the travel of 3 and the amount of hqmdplaced in the system.

The closing of 24. causes a condensation of the vapor contained in 1 andthe cycle of operation thereafter is the same as already described forFigs. 4 and 5.

Referring to Figs. 6 and 7 a modificatlon of my steam heating system, asde scr1bed m my aforesaid co-pending1 applicat1on Senal No. 748,932, isshown w erem the boller 11- is contained in the exhaust pipe 12 of ann-. ternal combustion engine. The system includes the steam pipe 44 forsuperheated steam leading from the boiler 11 to the annular art of acasing 45 surroundlng the intake pipe 46. The return pipe for condensedwater 47 leads back to 11 and has its steam from the.

lower end therein pointing in an upper direction as at 48 for the reasonthat water returning from through 47 into 11 when it becomes turned intosteam in 11 and rises directly upwardly from .48 and will not impede thereturn of condensed water through 47.

I claim:

1. In a fuel system for automobiles, a casing, an expansible member insaid casing, a fuel pipe leading into said member, a pipe leading fromsaid member, means for preventing the return fiow of a liquid throughsaid pipes,-a boiler, an expansible fluid in said boiler, and a pipeconnecting said boiler and casing. I

2. In a fuel feeding system for an internal combustion engine, a fueltank, a carburetor, an expansible and contractable ,member, meansincluding conduits for connecting said member to said tank andcarburetor for conducting fuel to said carburetor, and means independentof said fuel and operated by'the heat of the exhaust of said engine foroperating said member for transferring fuel from said tank to saidcarburetor.

3. In a fuel pumping system, for an internal combustion engine, apumping member for transferring fuel to said engine, and meansindependent of said fuel and controlled by heat generated in said enginefor intermittently operating said member.

.4. A fuel tpump comprising a chamber, a flexible mem er in the chamber,an inlet and an outlet pipe leading into and from said chamber, a boilerfor containing a liquid, in communication with said chamber, said liquidbeing permanently confined in said boiler and chamber, means for heatingthe liquid in said boiler for intermittently vaporizing the samecomparatively rapidly for opcrating said member for pumping a fluidthrough said pipes, and valve means for preventing the return flow ofsaid fluid through said pipes.

5. In a fuel feeding system for an internal combustion engine, meansincluding a collapsible bellows for supplying fuel to said engine, andmeans including a permanently chamber, valves in said passages, meanscausing the liquid intermittently to be converted to' a vapor sta e andto cause a collapse of the chamber by t e pressure of the vapor, andmeans causing the expansion of the chamber When-the vapor pressurefalls.-

8. In a fuel feeding system for an internal combustion engine, areciprocating pump mechanism for supplying fuel to said engine, a sourceof heat, and means utilizing a portion of the heat to cause the pump toreciprocate and to cause the fuelto be heated in its transit through thepump.

9. In an internal combustion engine having an exhaust passage, incombination, a boiler within the exhaust passage, a casing exterior ofsaid passage, a connection between the casing and the boiler formingtogether a permanently confined space, a vaporizable liquid in thespace, a chamber within the casing with walls adapted for the rapidtransfer of heat'therethrough, means for admitting fuel to the chamber,the warmed fuel therefrom, and means for returning the condensate to theboiler after the vapor has delivered its heat to the fuel.

Signed at Wilmington, in the County of Los Angeles, and State ofCalifornia, this 28th day of November, A. D. 1924.

CHARLES LAWRENCE STOKES.

confined fluid for utilizing a portion of the heat generated by saidengine for heating said bellows.

6. In a fuel feeding system for an internal combustion engine, a casing,an expansible and contractible member 1n said casing, a fuel passageleading to and from said casing, a.

let and'outlet passages connecting with the a vaporizable liquidwithin-the casing, in-

means for withdrawing

